See self in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "self"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "self"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "sel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "self",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English self",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "self"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English self",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*selb"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *selb",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*selbaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *selbaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English self, from Proto-West Germanic *selb, from Proto-Germanic *selbaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "salve",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "silf",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sulf",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{3}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "self",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "self",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"(very/self) same, (the) aforementioned"
],
"id": "en-self-enm-adj-xRn2P0TQ",
"links": [
[
"same",
"same"
],
[
"aforementioned",
"aforementioned"
]
],
"qualifier": "the",
"raw_glosses": [
"(the) (very/self) same, (the) aforementioned"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Intensifies the pronoun or noun it follows or precedes; very"
],
"id": "en-self-enm-adj-J1iRRpmE",
"links": [
[
"very",
"very"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"own"
],
"id": "en-self-enm-adj-Wzl1ZRw8",
"links": [
[
"own",
"own"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(+genitive) own"
],
"tags": [
"with-genitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɛlf/"
},
{
"ipa": "/silf/"
}
],
"word": "self"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "self"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "self"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "sel"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "zil"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "zill"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "self",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English self",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "self"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English self",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*selb"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *selb",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*selbaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *selbaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English self, from Proto-West Germanic *selb, from Proto-Germanic *selbaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "salve",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "silf",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sulf",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "self",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"themself, themselves; a reflexive pronoun"
],
"id": "en-self-enm-pron-ougwIEFo",
"links": [
[
"themself",
"themself"
],
[
"themselves",
"themselves"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"that, this"
],
"id": "en-self-enm-pron--hrpxsfB",
"links": [
[
"that",
"that"
],
[
"this",
"this"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɛlf/"
},
{
"ipa": "/silf/"
}
],
"word": "self"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "self",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English self",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "self"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English self",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*selb"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *selb",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*selbaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *selbaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English self, from Proto-West Germanic *selb, from Proto-Germanic *selbaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "selfs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "salve",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "silf",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sulf",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "self",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "self (plural selfs)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 2 15 2 3 9 1 2 5 4 3 5 7 4 4 0 3 2 15 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 1 17 3 4 9 1 1 5 4 3 5 7 4 4 0 4 1 17 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 14 15 57 8 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 19 15 39 17 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"same thing, (the) aforementioned thing"
],
"id": "en-self-enm-noun-rmVreB59",
"links": [
[
"same",
"same"
],
[
"thing",
"thing"
],
[
"aforementioned",
"aforementioned"
]
],
"qualifier": "the",
"raw_glosses": [
"(the) same thing, (the) aforementioned thing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɛlf/"
},
{
"ipa": "/silf/"
}
],
"word": "self"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English pronouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "self"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "self"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "sel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "self",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English self",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "self"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English self",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*selb"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *selb",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*selbaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *selbaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English self, from Proto-West Germanic *selb, from Proto-Germanic *selbaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "salve",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "silf",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sulf",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{3}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "self",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "self",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"(very/self) same, (the) aforementioned"
],
"links": [
[
"same",
"same"
],
[
"aforementioned",
"aforementioned"
]
],
"qualifier": "the",
"raw_glosses": [
"(the) (very/self) same, (the) aforementioned"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Intensifies the pronoun or noun it follows or precedes; very"
],
"links": [
[
"very",
"very"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"own"
],
"links": [
[
"own",
"own"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(+genitive) own"
],
"tags": [
"with-genitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɛlf/"
},
{
"ipa": "/silf/"
}
],
"word": "self"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English pronouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "self"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "self"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "sel"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "zil"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "zill"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "self",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English self",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "self"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English self",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*selb"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *selb",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*selbaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *selbaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English self, from Proto-West Germanic *selb, from Proto-Germanic *selbaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "salve",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "silf",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sulf",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "self",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"themself, themselves; a reflexive pronoun"
],
"links": [
[
"themself",
"themself"
],
[
"themselves",
"themselves"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"that, this"
],
"links": [
[
"that",
"that"
],
[
"this",
"this"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɛlf/"
},
{
"ipa": "/silf/"
}
],
"word": "self"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English pronouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "self",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English self",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "self"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English self",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*selb"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *selb",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*selbaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *selbaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English self, from Proto-West Germanic *selb, from Proto-Germanic *selbaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "selfs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "salve",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "silf",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sulf",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "self",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "self (plural selfs)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"same thing, (the) aforementioned thing"
],
"links": [
[
"same",
"same"
],
[
"thing",
"thing"
],
[
"aforementioned",
"aforementioned"
]
],
"qualifier": "the",
"raw_glosses": [
"(the) same thing, (the) aforementioned thing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɛlf/"
},
{
"ipa": "/silf/"
}
],
"word": "self"
}
Download raw JSONL data for self meaning in Middle English (6.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (a0f6d7f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.